{"id":866,"date":"2021-12-22T05:08:09","date_gmt":"2021-12-22T05:08:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uk.legalvision.com.au\/?p=866"},"modified":"2025-04-02T01:45:54","modified_gmt":"2025-04-02T00:45:54","slug":"what-does-without-prejudice-mean","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/what-does-without-prejudice-mean\/","title":{"rendered":"What Does Without Prejudice Mean in the UK?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The term \u2018without prejudice\u2019 can be confusing if you are unfamiliar with its legal implications. Usually, it is found in letters or documents, and at face value, it is not entirely clear what it might mean. \u2018Without prejudice\u2019 has a technical meaning within the law of evidence, and it is often used in legal negotiations. This article will outline what you need to know about the term. It will also explain how using evidence \u2018without prejudice\u2019 can help you during a legal settlement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Does the Term Mean?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Simply put, the term \u2018without prejudice\u2019 means that a party cannot use communication as evidence against the other party <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/my-business-is-in-a-dispute\/\">during a dispute<\/a>. It is common when conveying information during settlement negotiations.&nbsp; The protection extends to both verbal and written communications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When is it Used?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When a party uses \u2018without prejudice\u2019 in written communication, they usually clearly label it at the top of a letter. Generally, an open letter sets out the parties&#8217; legal position. A \u2018without prejudice\u2019 letter usually follows an initial open letter, outlining a commercial settlement proposal.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div  class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n    <p>For example, you might want to add \u2018without prejudice\u2019 to an offer to settle for a set amount of money. This is so that the other party cannot use your offer against you if the case ends up in court.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>When parties use the term in a spoken discussion, both parties must know what \u2018without prejudice\u2019 means for it to apply. Therefore, as a general rule, it is a good idea to consult a legal professional when engaging the rule during settlement discussions.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<a href=\"#content-next\"\n   class=\"block p-4 mt-10 text-xl font-bold text-center text-white no-underline bg-gray-800 rounded-t-xl\">\n    Continue reading this article below the form\n    <i class=\"text-xl fa-regular fa-arrow-down\"><\/i>\n<\/a>\n<div class=\"px-6 pt-10 pb-12 mb-10 text-center bg-gray-100 rounded-b-xl sm:px-12 test\">\n    <div class=\"mb-8 text-2xl font-bold text-orange\">\n        Need legal advice?\n        <br>\n        <span class=\"text-lg not-prose\">\n                            Call <a href=\"tel:+448081968584\" class=\"not-prose\">0808 196 8584<\/a> for urgent assistance.\n                <br>\n                Otherwise, complete this form, and we will contact you within one business day.\n                    <\/span>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n\n<div class=\"not-prose flex justify-center text-left 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You must also:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>make a \u2018genuine attempt\u2019 to settle an existing dispute;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>not use any illegal or misleading comments during the <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/key-points-negotiation\/\">negotiation<\/a>; and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>not use any material that has already been disclosed without the rule.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Making a \u2018genuine attempt\u2019 is essential to qualify for the \u2018without prejudice\u2019 rule. A disingenuous attempt, even with the words \u2018without prejudice\u2019, will not engage the rule. Similarly, if you do not use the words but you make a genuine attempt at settling the dispute, then a court might interpret your communication as nonetheless engaging the rule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div  class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n    <p>In addition, you can make a section of a communication \u2018without prejudice\u2019 while leaving the rest of the communication open.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, you might combine the open letter and the \u2018without prejudice\u2019 letter into one document, with a heading clarifying the \u2018without prejudice\u2019 section. In this way, only a section of the document will be \u2018without prejudice\u2019. However, we recommend that you separate this aspect of your correspondence from the open aspect. Doing so will minimise the risk of without prejudice communication being disclosed to the court.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When Should I Not Use \u2018Without Prejudice\u2019?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The \u2018without prejudice\u2019 rule is appropriate for <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/settlement-agreements\/\">settlement discussions<\/a> on an existing dispute. For this reason, it is not useful to use it in a communication that is unrelated to a dispute. For example, using \u201cwithout prejudice\u201d in a routine business communication, such as negotiating the initial terms of a contract or discussing a business partnership, would be inappropriate as there is no existing dispute to resolve.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why Can I Not Use \u2018Without Prejudice\u2019 Communication as Evidence?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The idea behind the \u2018without prejudice\u2019 rule is to encourage settlements instead of going to court. The English courts, for example, encourage parties to attempt to resolve a matter before proceedings are issued because it is usually more cost-efficient for the parties and helps to alleviate the burden on the judicial system.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Is \u2018Without Prejudice Save As To Costs\u2019 the same as \u2018Without Prejudice\u2019?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The term <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/without-prejudice-save-as-to-costs\/\">\u2018without prejudice save as to costs\u2019<\/a> adapts the standard \u2018without prejudice\u2019 rule. It protects communications during the main proceedings but allows the court to consider them when deciding the issue of costs after judgment has been given. This approach encourages parties to make reasonable settlement offers by enabling courts to examine negotiation conduct when determining how costs should be apportioned. For example, if a party rejects a reasonable offer and subsequently achieves a less favourable outcome at trial, the court may take this into account when deciding how to divide the legal costs between the parties.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To effectively use the \u201cwithout prejudice save as to costs\u201d rule, follow these guidelines:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>clearly label your communication as \u2018without prejudice save as to costs\u2019;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ensure your offer is genuine and reasonable; and&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>keep detailed records of all such communications.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>It is important to remember that this exception only applies after the court has decided on the main issues of the case.<\/p>\n\n\n    <div class=\"my-7 lg:my-10 border-y-2 border-gray-100 py-7 lg:py-10 flex flex-col sm:flex-row items-start gap-10\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"w-52 mx-auto my-0! rounded\" src=\"https:\/\/img.legalvision.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/09\/06011109\/manage-business-dispute.jpg\" alt=\"Front page of publication\"\n                 loading=\"lazy\" width=\"208\" height=\"298\">\n                <section>\n            <div class=\"text-2xl font-bold\">How to Manage a Business Dispute<\/div>\n            <div class=\"body-text\">\n                <p>This fact sheet outlines how your business can manage a dispute.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n            \n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/img.legalvision.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/09\/06010043\/LegalVision-Dispute-Resolution-Factsheet.pdf\" class=\" block px-5 py-3.5 max-w-fit bg-orange button__hover transition rounded text-white font-bold text-lg no-underline uppercase leading-tight text-center\" target=\"\" rel=\"\">Download Now<\/a>        <\/section>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Can I Use \u2018Without Prejudice\u2019 in Digital Communications?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>How you should use \u2018without prejudice\u2019 depends on the type of digital communication:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Emails:<\/strong> Clearly mark the subject line and the body of the email as \u2018without prejudice\u2019. However, remember that marking alone is not enough; the content must genuinely relate to settlement negotiations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Instant Messaging: <\/strong>Establish the \u2018without prejudice\u2019 nature of the conversation at the beginning of the chat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Video Calls:<\/strong> Verbally state the \u2018without prejudice\u2019 status at the start of the call and record this in any minutes or notes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cloud Storage and Shared Documents:<\/strong> Restrict access to relevant parties and clearly mark documents as \u2018without prejudice\u2019.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Adding the words \u2018without prejudice\u2019 to a communication can help you reach a faster settlement. This is because when used correctly, the words will assure both parties that they can negotiate frankly without worrying about future legal implications. You can use the rule in both written and oral communication, so long as both parties know of its legal meaning. For this reason, we recommend that you seek professional legal advice during the settlement process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, keep in mind that to engage the rule, you must make a genuine attempt at a settlement agreement. If your attempt is not genuine, the courts will not accept the communication as \u2018privileged\u2019 within the law of evidence.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you need legal advice regarding \u2018without prejudice\u2019 and evidence, our experienced <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-lawyers-lp\/\">disputes lawyers<\/a> can assist as part of our LegalVision membership. For a low monthly fee, you will have unlimited access to lawyers to answer your questions and draft and review your documents. Call us today on <a href=\"tel:+448081968584\" class=\"AVANSERnumber dynamic-number\">0808 196 8584<\/a> or visit our <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/membership\">membership page<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1743552956704\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Can \u2018without prejudice\u2019 protection be waived?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Yes, \u2018without prejudice\u2019 protection can be waived, but this requires the consent of both parties. However, it\u2019s important to note that partial disclosure of \u2018without prejudice\u2019 communications may lead to a loss of protection for the entire communication.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1743552973739\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Can I use \u2018without prejudice\u2019 communications if there\u2019s no active dispute?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Without prejudice protection only applies when there\u2019s an existing dispute between parties. The communication must be a genuine attempt to settle that dispute.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n<div class=\"not-prose m-feedback-prompt\">\n    <!-- Thumbs up\/down bar -->\n    <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__main\">\n        <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__title\">Was this article helpful?<\/div>\n        <div>\n            <!--span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button--text\">Thanks!<\/span-->\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button m-feedback-prompt__button--yes\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:yes\" aria-label=\"Agree\">\n                <i class=\"fa-regular fa-thumbs-up fa-3x\"><\/i>\n            <\/button>\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button m-feedback-prompt__button--no\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:no\" aria-label=\"Disagree\">\n                <i class=\"fa-regular fa-thumbs-down fa-3x\"><\/i>\n            <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- Feedback form -->\n    <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form\">\n        <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--thanks \">\n            <div>Thanks!<\/div>\n            <p>\n                We appreciate your feedback \u2013 your submission has been successfully received.            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form id=\"contact-form\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--form\" action=\"\" method=\"post\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"authenticity_token\" name=\"authenticity_token\" value=\"9eb4f72322\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wp_http_referer\" value=\"\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/866\" \/>            <input value=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/what-does-without-prejudice-mean\/\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"currenturl\"\n                   id=\"currenturl\">\n            <input value=\"What Does Without Prejudice Mean in the UK?\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"currenttitle\"\n                   id=\"currenttitle\">\n            <label>\n                <!-- display on thumbs-up -->\n                <span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__feedback m-feedback-prompt__feedback--yes\">\n                    Can you tell us <span class=\"font-semibold\">why<\/span> you found it helpful?\n                <\/span>\n\n                <!-- display on thumbs-down -->\n                <span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__feedback m-feedback-prompt__feedback--no text-lg\">\n                    How can we better improve this article?\n                <\/span>\n                <textarea name=\"feedbackmessage\" id=\"feedbackmessage\" required><\/textarea>\n            <\/label>\n\n            <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--error\" id=\"form-submit-error\"><\/div>\n            <button id=\"submit-contact-form-button\" type=\"submit\" name=\"commit\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--submit\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:submit\">\n                Submit            <\/button>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The term \u2018without prejudice\u2019 can be confusing if you are unfamiliar with its legal implications. Usually, it is found in letters or documents, and at face value, it is not entirely clear what it might mean. \u2018Without prejudice\u2019 has a technical meaning within the law of evidence, and it is often used in legal negotiations.<a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/what-does-without-prejudice-mean\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"sr-only\">&#8220;What Does Without Prejudice Mean in the UK?&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13541,"featured_media":3230,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"1976,2780,2413,2526,1469,1719","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[20,21,40,77,78],"class_list":["post-866","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-disputes-litigation","tag-small-business","tag-medium-business","tag-dispute-resolution","tag-without-prejudice","tag-settlement-agreement"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Evidence: What Does Without Prejudice Mean? 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