{"id":4298,"date":"2022-06-24T02:25:00","date_gmt":"2022-06-24T01:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/?p=4298"},"modified":"2023-02-16T04:10:42","modified_gmt":"2023-02-16T04:10:42","slug":"director-shareholders","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/corporations\/director-shareholders\/","title":{"rendered":"What is a Director-Shareholder in the UK?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>As a limited company, you may have company directors who also happen to be shareholders in your business. This is sometimes referred to as a director-shareholder and can cause some complications in decision-making processes in your business. Often, it is essential to distinguish between an individual&#8217;s director and shareholder capacity, as it can lead to a conflict of interest. This article will explain what a director-shareholder is and how to mitigate conflicts of interest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n    <div class=\"my-7 lg:my-10 border-y-2 border-gray-100 py-7 lg:py-10 flex flex-col sm:flex-row items-start gap-10\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"w-52 mx-auto my-0! rounded\" src=\"https:\/\/img.legalvision.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/09\/06164254\/uk-startup-manual-290x410-1.jpg\" alt=\"Front page of publication\"\n                 loading=\"lazy\" width=\"208\" height=\"298\">\n                <section>\n            <div class=\"text-2xl font-bold\">UK Startup Manual<\/div>\n            <div class=\"body-text\">\n                <p>LegalVision&#8217;s Startup Manual is essential reading material for any startup founder looking to launch and grow a successful startup.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n            \n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/go.legalvision.co.uk\/uk-startup-manual.html\" class=\" block px-5 py-3.5 max-w-fit bg-orange button__hover transition rounded text-white font-bold text-lg no-underline uppercase leading-tight text-center\" target=\"\" rel=\"\">Download Now<\/a>        <\/section>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is a Company Director?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A company director is an individual who sits on a company&#8217;s board and is usually involved with the management and strategy of the company. Directors are joint in private companies and tend to have votes in board meetings. As a result, they contribute to board resolutions which usually concern essential decisions. Directors also have specific legal obligations concerning shareholders of the company, as well as certain legal rights as a result of their position.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, director duties include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>a duty to act within the powers given to the director as part of the company&#8217;s articles of association;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a duty to promote the company&#8217;s success;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a duty to avoid conflicts of interest;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a duty to not accept benefits from third parties; and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a duty to declare any personal interests in a proposed company transaction.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Directors also have corresponding rights, for example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>the right to inspect financial records regarding company debts and company profits;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the right to delegate powers to a person that they see fit; and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the right to stay as a director until they are removed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is a Shareholder?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>On the other hand, a shareholder owns shares (sometimes referred to as a company&#8217;s stock) in a company. Company shareholders do not share the same rights as directors. For example, they cannot vote in board meetings. Shareholders generally have a right to dividends and voting rights for certain company decisions but usually do not get involved in a company&#8217;s operations beyond this.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Although a majority shareholder can pass a shareholders agreement unilaterally and have a significant degree to have significant influence over the company&#8217;s strategy, many shareholders are simply investors seeking a return on their investment. Company shareholders can pass shareholder agreements on decisions, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>appointing and removing company directors;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>changing a company&#8217;s constitution;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>approving a director&#8217;s loan; or<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>issuing or transferring shares in the company.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div  class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n    <p>Shareholders can enter into shareholder agreements to establish the rules governing the shareholders&#8217; relationships and the company&#8217;s management.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<a href=\"#content-next\"\n   class=\"block p-4 mt-10 text-xl font-bold text-center text-white no-underline bg-gray-800 rounded-t-xl\">\n    Continue reading this article below the form\n    <i class=\"text-xl fa-regular fa-arrow-down\"><\/i>\n<\/a>\n<div class=\"px-6 pt-10 pb-12 mb-10 text-center bg-gray-100 rounded-b-xl sm:px-12 test\">\n    <div class=\"mb-8 text-2xl font-bold text-orange\">\n       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This is a common feature among company directors, especially among directors who were also integral in the company being created.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Notably, a person can have multiple positions within a company and acceptably act in different capacities at different points. As a result, a director-shareholder can advocate for a specific decision to be made as a director and advocate for the opposite position in their capacity as a shareholder.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Shareholders are typically free to vote in whichever way they see fit and to vote in their own interests. However, directors have certain obligations. If the director fails to fulfil their duties, the director can be liable to shareholders for violating their duty.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div  class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n    <p>Director duties are also usually fiduciary duties. A &#8216;fiduciary duty&#8217; is a duty to act in the best interest of another person. In other words, it is not just a duty to not cause harm to another&#8217;s interests but instead to actively advocate for their interests.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Can Conflicts Arise?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Because of the high standard imposed on directors, it could be the case that they are in breach of their duty because they are also shareholders.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Conflicts often arise concerning remuneration and payment of dividends. It can also arise because of a proactive director-shareholder who acts in a way that blurs the line between their shareholder and director capacities. There are several ways of avoiding this problem, such as through shareholder agreements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Using Shareholder Agreements to Mitigate Conflicts of Interest<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In many cases, it can be helpful for the shareholders of a company to pass a shareholder agreement which outlines the decisions that can only be made by shareholders and the decisions that directors can make. Similarly, having clear rules on when a director has to disclose a decision to other directors and shareholders can help transparency and prevent a director from abusing their power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alongside this, the details of the powers of a director can be set out in their employment contract and the company&#8217;s articles of association. By delineating roles in this way, you are less likely to have an ambiguous situation where it is unclear if a person is acting as a director or a shareholder.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As a private limited company with director shareholders, you may run into situations where it is unclear if a person is acting in their director capacity or shareholder capacity. This can create problems, as a director is legally accountable to shareholders and must act in their best interest, while shareholders are free to make decisions in their own interest.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An effective way to minimise potential conflicts is to delineate between decisions that can be made by directors and decisions that can be made by shareholders, as well as having a clear exposition of the powers of a director contained in a formal legal document.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you have any questions about director-shareholder rights and duties, our experienced <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/corporate-lawyers-lp\/\">corporate lawyers<\/a> can assist as part of our LegalVision membership. For a low monthly fee, you will have unlimited access to lawyers to answer your questions and draft and review your documents. Call us today on <a href=\"tel:+448081968584\" class=\"AVANSERnumber dynamic-number\">0808 196 8584<\/a> or visit our <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/membership\/\">membership page<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1656033622059\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>What is a company director?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">A company director is an individual who holds a position within a company&#8217;s management and has certain rights and obligations outlined in the company&#8217;s constitution.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1656033630198\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>What is a shareholder?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">A shareholder is an individual who holds shares in a company.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n<div class=\"not-prose m-feedback-prompt\">\n    <!-- Thumbs up\/down bar -->\n    <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__main\">\n        <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__title\">Was this article helpful?<\/div>\n        <div>\n            <!--span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button--text\">Thanks!<\/span-->\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button m-feedback-prompt__button--yes\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:yes\" aria-label=\"Agree\">\n                <i class=\"fa-regular fa-thumbs-up fa-3x\"><\/i>\n            <\/button>\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button m-feedback-prompt__button--no\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:no\" aria-label=\"Disagree\">\n                <i class=\"fa-regular fa-thumbs-down fa-3x\"><\/i>\n            <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- Feedback form -->\n    <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form\">\n        <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--thanks \">\n            <div>Thanks!<\/div>\n            <p>\n                We appreciate your feedback \u2013 your submission has been successfully received.            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form id=\"contact-form\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--form\" action=\"\" method=\"post\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"authenticity_token\" name=\"authenticity_token\" value=\"9eb4f72322\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wp_http_referer\" value=\"\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4298\" \/>            <input value=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/corporations\/director-shareholders\/\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"currenturl\"\n                   id=\"currenturl\">\n            <input value=\"What is a Director-Shareholder in the UK?\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"currenttitle\"\n                   id=\"currenttitle\">\n            <label>\n                <!-- display on thumbs-up -->\n                <span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__feedback m-feedback-prompt__feedback--yes\">\n                    Can you tell us <span class=\"font-semibold\">why<\/span> you found it helpful?\n                <\/span>\n\n                <!-- display on thumbs-down -->\n                <span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__feedback m-feedback-prompt__feedback--no text-lg\">\n                    How can we better improve this article?\n                <\/span>\n                <textarea name=\"feedbackmessage\" id=\"feedbackmessage\" required><\/textarea>\n            <\/label>\n\n            <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--error\" id=\"form-submit-error\"><\/div>\n            <button id=\"submit-contact-form-button\" type=\"submit\" name=\"commit\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--submit\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:submit\">\n                Submit            <\/button>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As a limited company, you may have company directors who also happen to be shareholders in your business. This is sometimes referred to as a director-shareholder and can cause some complications in decision-making processes in your business. Often, it is essential to distinguish between an individual&#8217;s director and shareholder capacity, as it can lead to<a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/corporations\/director-shareholders\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"sr-only\">&#8220;What is a Director-Shareholder in the UK?&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13325,"featured_media":3256,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"2015,2350,2028,2206,1408,1611","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[153,508,510,797,823],"class_list":["post-4298","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-corporations","tag-limited-company","tag-corporate","tag-director","tag-director-shareholders","tag-shareholders-rights"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What is a Director-Shareholder in the UK? 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