{"id":186005,"date":"2024-01-25T00:12:06","date_gmt":"2024-01-25T00:12:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/?p=186005"},"modified":"2026-05-19T02:17:37","modified_gmt":"2026-05-19T01:17:37","slug":"court-of-appeal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/court-of-appeal\/","title":{"rendered":"What is the Role of the Court of Appeal?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As a business owner in the UK, you may unfortunately fall into a commercial dispute while running your operations. If so, it is always best to try to resolve this by <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/negotiate-dispute\/\">negotiating<\/a> with the other company. However, this does not always work, and a case may go as far as commercial litigation. If so, you may wonder what will happen if the case is not in your business\u2019 favour. Where you are the losing party in litigation, it may be possible to appeal the decision to the Court of Appeal, which deals with both criminal and civil appeals. This article will explain the role of the Court of Appeal in a commercial case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is the Court of Appeal?&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/going-to-court\/\">Court of Appeal<\/a> is one of the more senior courts in England and Wales. There is only one court higher than it, which is the Supreme Court. Established in 1875 in London, the Court of Appeal operates within the Royal Courts of Justice. It comprises both a Civil Division and a Criminal Division. Commercial cases involving a business dispute taken to court fall under the civil division. There are various judges within the Court of Appeal, which include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>lord justices of appeal;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>lady justices of appeal;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the lord chief justice who heads the Criminal Division;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the master of the rolls who heads the Civil Division;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>part-time ex officio appeal court members; and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>each head of the three parts of the High Court.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is the Role of the Court of Appeal?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The role of the Court of Appeal is to hear appeals from lower courts. This includes the High Court and Criminal Court, as well as other courts and tribunals beneath them. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div  class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n    <p>For commercial cases, the cases which come to the Court of Appeal will originate from the following:<\/p>\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>the High Court;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item -->\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/small-claims-court\/\">County Courts<\/a>; and<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item -->\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>tribunal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Where commercial disputes go through litigation, the party who loses the case may appeal. This means they ask the Court of Appeal to reconsider the decision made on the case. If the losing party appeals the decision of the court, the method for appeal is a \u2018rehearing\u2019. Rather than asking witnesses to return to court or look at evidence, the court will perform a reviewer role. In this sense, they will look at the trial record, which includes any notes made by the judge.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div  class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n    <p>As with any court claim, when a commercial dispute enters court, there are rules about the procedure. This includes situations where you are appealing a decision. Such rules can be located in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.justice.gov.uk\/courts\/procedure-rules\/civil\">Civil Procedure Rules<\/a> along with their accompanying practice directions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the Court of Appeal refuses the appeal or upholds the decision made by a lower court, the decision does not change. However, if it disagrees with the original finding made on the commercial dispute, it may vary the initial order or set it aside in the commercial case.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Role of a Judge<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The judges in the Court of Appeal are senior judges in England and Wales. This means that they will have extensive experience in the role.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The role of a judge in the Court of Appeal is to determine whether to uphold or change a previously made legal decision. Typically, a commercial case at the Court of Appeal is decided by three members, although occasionally, only two justices may be involved. The decisions made by judges in the Court of Appeal are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.judiciary.uk\/courts-and-tribunals\/court-of-appeal-home\/court-of-appeal-judgements\/\">available online<\/a> if you want to look at or refer to these.<\/p>\n\n\n    <div class=\"my-7 lg:my-10 border-y-2 border-gray-100 py-7 lg:py-10 flex flex-col sm:flex-row items-start gap-10\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"w-52 mx-auto my-0! rounded\" src=\"https:\/\/img.legalvision.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/09\/27074704\/guide-to-resolve-uk-image-1.jpg\" alt=\"Front page of publication\"\n                 loading=\"lazy\" width=\"208\" height=\"298\">\n                <section>\n            <div class=\"text-2xl font-bold\">Guide to Resolving UK Business Disputes<\/div>\n            <div class=\"body-text\">\n                <p>This guide outlines how to resolve commercial disputes.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n            \n\n<a 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You must have valid legal grounds. The Court of Appeal will only hear your case if:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>the lower court made a legal error in applying the law;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the judge reached a conclusion that the evidence did not support; or<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the judge exercised their discretion incorrectly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You also need permission to appeal. You must apply for this, usually within 21 days of the original decision. The court will only grant permission if it believes the appeal has a real prospect of success. Missing this deadline can mean losing your right to appeal entirely, so act quickly once a decision is made against you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div  class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n    <p dir=\"auto\"><strong>Key Statistics<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol dir=\"auto\">\n<li><strong>8,450:<\/strong> Applications for permission to appeal received by the Court of Appeal (Civil Division) in 2024-25.<\/li>\n<li><strong>28%:<\/strong> Permission to appeal grant rate in civil cases before the Court of Appeal.<\/li>\n<li><strong>42%:<\/strong> Overall success rate of appeals that proceed to a full hearing in the Court of Appeal.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>Sources<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol dir=\"auto\">\n<li>Judiciary of England and Wales (Government) (2025)<\/li>\n<li>Ministry of Justice (Government) (2025)<\/li>\n<li>Civil Justice Council (Industry Body) (2025)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you are party to a commercial dispute that goes to litigation, the High Court, County Court or a tribunal will make a decision about the case. If it is not in your favour, you may be able to appeal the decision to the Court of Appeal for England and Wales. This London-based court plays a crucial role in determining decisions on commercial cases. In the Court of Appeal&#8217;s civil division, experienced judges deliberate on these matters. Their responsibility is to uphold the initial decision or opt to vary or overturn it, making a new decision in the commercial dispute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LegalVision provides ongoing legal support for businesses through our fixed-fee legal membership. Our experienced <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-lawyers-lp\/\" id=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-lawyers-lp\/\">disputes lawyers<\/a> help businesses manage contracts, employment law, disputes, intellectual property, and more, with unlimited access to specialist lawyers for a fixed monthly fee. To learn more about LegalVision\u2019s legal membership, call <a href=\"tel:+448081968584\" class=\"AVANSERnumber dynamic-number\">0808 196 8584<\/a> or visit our <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/membership\/\" id=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/membership\/\">membership page.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1779151984342\"><h3 class=\"schema-faq-question\">Can you appeal a Court of Appeal decision?<\/h3> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Yes. You can appeal to the Supreme Court, the highest court in England and Wales, but you must obtain permission to do so.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1779151997374\"><h3 class=\"schema-faq-question\">Who hears commercial appeals?<\/h3> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Three judges typically hear commercial appeals in the Civil Division, though occasionally two justices may preside.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1779152008172\"><h3 class=\"schema-faq-question\">What grounds allow a Court of Appeal challenge?<\/h3> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">You can challenge a decision if the lower court made a legal error, reached a wrong conclusion, or exercised discretion incorrectly.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1779152020532\"><h3 class=\"schema-faq-question\">Does appealing pause the original court order?<\/h3> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Not automatically. You must apply for a stay of execution to suspend the original order while your appeal proceeds.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As a business owner in the UK, you may unfortunately fall into a commercial dispute while running your operations. If so, it is always best to try to resolve this by negotiating with the other company. However, this does not always work, and a case may go as far as commercial litigation. If so, you<a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/court-of-appeal\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"sr-only\">&#8220;What is the Role of the Court of Appeal?&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13541,"featured_media":3207,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"184936,175413,179548,178369,183985,177310","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[21,670,1507,1765],"class_list":["post-186005","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-disputes-litigation","tag-medium-business","tag-litigation","tag-commercial-dispute","tag-court-of-appeal"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What is the Role of the Court of Appeal? 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