{"id":1754,"date":"2022-01-16T22:57:23","date_gmt":"2022-01-16T22:57:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uk.legalvision.com.au\/?p=1754"},"modified":"2022-06-02T04:57:06","modified_gmt":"2022-06-02T03:57:06","slug":"strikes-lockouts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/strikes-lockouts\/","title":{"rendered":"What Are Strikes and Lockouts in England and Wales?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Industrial action in the workplace is an action that many employers dread. If your workers or employees decide to take part in industrial action, such as strikes or lockouts, as a result of a dispute they have with you, you will lose valuable work time. Your workers are not carrying out their everyday work, which will impact your business. It will also impact your relations with them. Whilst your workers and employees have the right to take industrial action, the l<\/span>aw remains very<span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> complicated. <\/span>It is important <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">t<\/span>hat you<span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> get it right because not doing so could mean that you have <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/constructive-dismissal\/\">unfairly dismissed your staff<\/a>, resulting in an employment tribunal. It is advisable to get legal advice should you face industrial action such as a strike or lockout at your workplace.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article will explain what you should understand about the rules about industrial action<\/span>,<span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> such as strikes or lockouts, for both you and your workers should a dispute arise. It also explains what strikes and lockouts are.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What is a Strike?\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A strike is a form of industrial action where your workers or employees refuse to carry out their work.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Industrial action occurs when your workers or employees, who are members of a trade union, dispute with you. Since <\/span>you can not<span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> r<\/span>esolve the dispute<span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> through negotiation, your workers decide to take action in the form of a legal strike.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sometimes a picket line accompanies a strike<\/span>. <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is where striking workers form a line outside your workplace to encourage others to strike too. They may also encourage them to do only part of their everyday work.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2018Actions short of a strike\u2019 is when your workers do something else rather than strike, such as not taking on overtime when you ask.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Secondary action is where your workers have decided to go on strike because they sympathise with workers from a different organisation or business who have gone on strike. Your workers <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/employment-rights\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">d<\/span>o not legally have the right to do this<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What is a Lockout?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>On the contrary, <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">lockouts a<\/span>re<span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> where your workers or employees have gone on strike and whilst the issue is ongoing, you refuse to let them return to work.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<a href=\"#content-next\"\n   class=\"block p-4 mt-10 text-xl font-bold text-center text-white no-underline bg-gray-800 rounded-t-xl\">\n    Continue reading this article below the form\n    <i class=\"text-xl fa-regular fa-arrow-down\"><\/i>\n<\/a>\n<div class=\"px-6 pt-10 pb-12 mb-10 text-center bg-gray-100 rounded-b-xl sm:px-12 test\">\n    <div class=\"mb-8 text-2xl font-bold text-orange\">\n        Need legal advice?\n        <br>\n        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A ballot is a properly organised postal vote<\/span>. It<span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> involves the members of the trade union who the dispute affects. <\/span>If<span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> the<\/span>se members vote<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and the majority are in favour of it, they can hold a strike.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Trade unions must take steps for the strike to be legal. For example, they must:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">let you as the employer, and its members who could have voted, know the result of the ballot; and<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">tell you and their trade union members affected by the dispute the type of action that t<\/span>hey will take and when<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The person who informs you of the above must be a trade union official or committee member as they are both legally entitled to do so.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What Rights Do Workers Have When Striking?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Your <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/employment-rights\/\">workers have legal rights<\/a> when striking or taking other forms of industrial action. This applies to both workers who are trade union members and those who are not. Your workers <\/span>have the right<span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to participate in a strike, meaning that you have no legal grounds to require them to work instead.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Furthermore, your workers are protected from dismissal for taking industrial action for up to 12 weeks after taking part in it. This is providing that:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">a properly organised ballot was held and allowed the industrial action;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">the dispute concerns an issue with you as their employer; and<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">you received a notice about the intended industrial action with details a minimum of seven days before the action.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you dismiss your workers without granting them this protection, they could claim against you at an employment tribunal.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">However, where you have carried out a lockout as part of the strike, you will need to add a day per day of lockout to these 12-week rules, meaning that the time with which you cannot dismiss your employee for striking extends.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What Rights Do You Have When Employees Strike?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When your workers take industrial action such as striking, they have likely broken part of their <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/importance-employment-contracts\/\">employment contract<\/a> with you. This means that you can:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">refuse to pay them for the time when they did not work due to the industrial action;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">sue your workers for breaking the contract; and<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">take the industrial action into account when working out your worker\u2019s pension and other entitlements such as statutory redundancy pay.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">You are entitled to carry out the above because the time your workers took part in industrial action will reduce their length of service with you as their employer.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Although you cannot dismiss your workers for taking part in industrial action up to 12 weeks after it took place, you can once the 12 week period is up if you have tried to resolve the dispute.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are some other instances where you as an employer can dismiss your workers for taking part in industrial action such as a strike without it being considered unfair dismissal. This is where they take industrial action when:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">the trade union has not called them to;<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">it is secondary action;<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">it is a \u2018closed shop\u2019, which means it takes place only to support employing union members, and&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">the industrial action breaks the law regarding industrial action.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Key Takeaways<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">As an employer, you will undoubtedly hope that you will never face industrial action by your workers. However, strikes and lockouts can happen, and if it does, you should be knowledgeable about the rules surrounding this. You should be able to tell whether industrial action such as a strike is legal and what rights you as an employer and your workers have.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you need help with understanding strikes and lockouts in England and Wales, our <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment-lawyers-lp\/\">experienced employment lawyers<\/a> can assist as part of our LegalVision membership. For a low monthly fee, you will have unlimited access to lawyers to answer your questions and draft and review your documents for a low monthly fee. So call us today on <a href=\"tel:+448081968584\" class=\"AVANSERnumber dynamic-number\">0808 196 8584<\/a> or visit our <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/membership\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">membership page<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1642368507341\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">What is industrial action?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Industrial action is an action taken by employers or their workers regarding a workplace issue where negotiations regarding the issues have failed.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1642368520179\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Are workers legally allowed to strike?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Workers are legally allowed to strike regardless of whether or not they are members of a trade union. However, there are rules which must be applied before the strike takes place for it to be legal. There are also further rules around when strikes are not permitted.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n<div class=\"not-prose m-feedback-prompt\">\n    <!-- Thumbs up\/down bar -->\n    <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__main\">\n        <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__title\">Was this article helpful?<\/div>\n        <div>\n            <!--span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button--text\">Thanks!<\/span-->\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button m-feedback-prompt__button--yes\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:yes\" aria-label=\"Agree\">\n                <i class=\"fa-regular fa-thumbs-up fa-3x\"><\/i>\n            <\/button>\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button m-feedback-prompt__button--no\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:no\" aria-label=\"Disagree\">\n                <i class=\"fa-regular fa-thumbs-down fa-3x\"><\/i>\n            <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- Feedback form -->\n    <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form\">\n        <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--thanks \">\n            <div>Thanks!<\/div>\n            <p>\n                We appreciate your feedback \u2013 your submission has been successfully received.            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form id=\"contact-form\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--form\" action=\"\" method=\"post\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"authenticity_token\" name=\"authenticity_token\" value=\"9eb4f72322\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wp_http_referer\" value=\"\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1754\" \/>            <input value=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/strikes-lockouts\/\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"currenturl\"\n                   id=\"currenturl\">\n            <input value=\"What Are Strikes and Lockouts in England and Wales?\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"currenttitle\"\n                   id=\"currenttitle\">\n            <label>\n                <!-- display on thumbs-up -->\n                <span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__feedback m-feedback-prompt__feedback--yes\">\n                    Can you tell us <span class=\"font-semibold\">why<\/span> you found it helpful?\n                <\/span>\n\n                <!-- display on thumbs-down -->\n                <span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__feedback m-feedback-prompt__feedback--no text-lg\">\n                    How can we better improve this article?\n                <\/span>\n                <textarea name=\"feedbackmessage\" id=\"feedbackmessage\" required><\/textarea>\n            <\/label>\n\n            <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--error\" id=\"form-submit-error\"><\/div>\n            <button id=\"submit-contact-form-button\" type=\"submit\" name=\"commit\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--submit\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:submit\">\n                Submit            <\/button>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Industrial action in the workplace is an action that many employers dread. If your workers or employees decide to take part in industrial action, such as strikes or lockouts, as a result of a dispute they have with you, you will lose valuable work time. Your workers are not carrying out their everyday work, which<a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/strikes-lockouts\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"sr-only\">&#8220;What Are Strikes and Lockouts in England and Wales?&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13326,"featured_media":616,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"3262,1015,2195,1379,1024,2326","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[20,21,219,370,371],"class_list":["post-1754","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-employment","tag-small-business","tag-medium-business","tag-employment-law","tag-lockout","tag-strike"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What Are Strikes and Lockouts in England and Wales? 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Prior to her freelance writing work, Clare worked for UK central government in policy and communication roles. She has also run her own businesses where she founded a magazine and was editor-in-chief. She is currently studying part-time towards a PhD predominantly in international public law. Qualifications: PhD, Human Rights Law (underway), University of Bedfordshire, Post graduate diploma, Law, Middlesex University.","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/ms-clare-susannah-f-4a243545\/"],"url":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/author\/clarefarmer\/"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/strikes-lockouts\/#faq-question-1642368507341","name":"What is industrial action?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Industrial action is an action taken by employers or their workers regarding a workplace issue where negotiations regarding the issues have failed.","inLanguage":"en-GB"},"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/strikes-lockouts\/#faq-question-1642368520179","name":"Are workers legally allowed to strike?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Workers are legally allowed to strike regardless of whether or not they are members of a trade union. However, there are rules which must be applied before the strike takes place for it to be legal. There are also further rules around when strikes are not permitted.","inLanguage":"en-GB"},"inLanguage":"en-GB"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1754","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/users\/13326"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1754"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1754\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3535,"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1754\/revisions\/3535"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/media\/616"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1754"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1754"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1754"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}