{"id":174660,"date":"2022-08-17T05:58:51","date_gmt":"2022-08-17T04:58:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/?p=174660"},"modified":"2025-07-02T00:40:41","modified_gmt":"2025-07-01T23:40:41","slug":"scheme-of-arrangement-reduce-share-capital","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/corporations\/scheme-of-arrangement-reduce-share-capital\/","title":{"rendered":"Can I Use a Scheme of Arrangement to Reduce Share Capital in England?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reducing your company\u2019s share capital is not easy, as there are only a few legal ways to do so. Likewise, the law places significant administrative burdens on company directors. One particular route is through a scheme of arrangement. This article will explain a scheme of arrangement and how you can use it to reduce your company\u2019s share capital in England.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What is a Scheme of Arrangement?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Schemes of arrangement refer to a court-approved arrangement between a company, its shareholders, and the company\u2019s creditors. Schemes are tools that a company\u2019s key stakeholders can use to restructure or reorder its obligations to its creditors and shareholders.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While schemes of arrangement are commonly used by companies facing financial difficulties, nothing prevents a perfectly healthy company from using it to reduce its share capital.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before we look at the process of using a scheme of arrangement to reduce share capital, we will first consider why a company may want to reduce its capital in the first place.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Purpose of Reducing Share Capital<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Companies reduce their share capital for a variety of reasons, including to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">create distributable reserves so that the directors can authorise paying more in dividends;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">redistribute capital back to its shareholders;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">rebalance the company\u2019s balance sheet so that the equity figure more accurately represents the assets owned;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">redeem outstanding redeemable shares or <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/corporations\/share-buyback\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">buy back ordinary shares<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; and\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">facilitate a disposal of the company (or a portion of it) through a business sale.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<a href=\"#content-next\"\n   class=\"block p-4 mt-10 text-xl font-bold text-center text-white no-underline bg-gray-800 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Since a company cannot easily reduce its share capital, creditors can look at a company\u2019s balance sheet and get a sense of the company\u2019s underlying value.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, provided the creditors <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">agree <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to the company\u2019s proposal to reduce its share capital, the law will not interfere. In fact, by having a company\u2019s creditors agree to the reduction through a scheme of arrangement, the company can complete the reduction when it otherwise might not have.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Additionally, schemes of arrangement are versatile because they are one of the few ways to facilitate negotiations between a company\u2019s shareholders and its creditors. They are also a common way for <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/corporations\/company-trade-whilst-insolvent\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">insolvent companies<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to convert a creditors\u2019 debt into equity, effectively wiping out the pre-existing shareholders and making the creditors the new shareholders.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ultimately, you can use schemes of arrangement to reduce share capital both for distressed companies and companies operating as a going concern.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n    <div class=\"my-7 lg:my-10 border-y-2 border-gray-100 py-7 lg:py-10 flex flex-col sm:flex-row items-start gap-10\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"w-52 mx-auto my-0! rounded\" src=\"https:\/\/img.legalvision.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/08\/19071324\/LegalVision_UK-Cap-Table-Template.jpg\" alt=\"Front page of publication\"\n                 loading=\"lazy\" width=\"208\" height=\"298\">\n                <section>\n            <div class=\"text-2xl font-bold\">Cap Table Template<\/div>\n            <div class=\"body-text\">\n                <p>Capital raising is a critical time for any startup. Take control of your startup&#8217;s equity with this free cap table template.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n            \n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/go.legalvision.co.uk\/uk-cap-table-template.html\" class=\" block px-5 py-3.5 max-w-fit bg-orange button__hover transition rounded text-white font-bold text-lg no-underline uppercase leading-tight text-center\" target=\"\" rel=\"\">Download Now<\/a>        <\/section>\n    <\/div>\n\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Overview of the Process<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regardless of the purpose behind using a scheme of arrangement, the basic steps are the same:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">court application;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">stakeholder negotiation;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">voting on the proposal; and<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">obtaining the court\u2019s approval.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Application to the Court\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A court must approve a scheme for it to have any effect.\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Any of the following parties can apply to the court:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the company (via its directors);\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the company\u2019s shareholders;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">any creditors, including any lenders or trade creditors; and<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">any administrator or liquidator that has been appointed over the company (where the company is in financial difficulty).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When applying, you must have a legitimate reason to initiate a scheme, such as one of the reasons outlined above. If the court is satisfied with your application, it will notify all relevant parties that it is convening a meeting. The meeting is where the court formally approves (sanctions) the scheme, meaning your shareholders and creditors must agree to a proposal in the negotiation process.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negotiations\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Following a successful application, parties will have the opportunity to negotiate with one another on the terms of the scheme. Notably, some parties will have a superior negotiating position compared to others.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n<p><strong>Classes of Creditors<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A company typically has different sorts of creditors with different interests in the company. For instance, the position of a secured bank lender is quite different from a trade supplier without any security over the company\u2019s property. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Therefore, the law divides creditors into different classes. Alternatively, the creditors may voluntarily organise themselves in which secured creditors will typically be a class of their own. Unsecured creditors may be a single class or divided into unsecured lenders, employees with pension claims, and trade suppliers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the negotiation process, each class of creditor typically negotiates on their own behalf and votes as a class. At least 75% of each class that will be affected by the scheme must vote in its favour. Otherwise, the scheme will not progress.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Where a company is not distressed but nonetheless wants to reduce its share capital, directors and shareholders may propose modifications of any outstanding debt owed to the creditors in their favour, for instance, agreeing to pay a higher interest rate.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Obtaining the Court\u2019s Sanction\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Further, the court must approve the scheme before your company can implement it. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While courts have discretion, the following list includes common factors affecting its decision:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">reasonableness of the scheme;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">if the classes of creditors and other stakeholders are appropriately defined;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">if the scheme complies with the relevant laws;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">whether the scheme is necessary; and<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">if the company does not have any other conditions it must comply with.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Schemes and Other Methods of Reducing Share Capital\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Schemes are one of three main ways to reduce your company\u2019s share capital. The other three are:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">using the proceeds of an <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/corporations\/lead-investors-capital-raising\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">equity raise<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">applying the company\u2019s profits to the reduction; and\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">using the solvency statement procedure.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Schemes provide more flexibility than the other options because the creditors play an active role in agreeing to the proposal.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Key Takeaways\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A scheme of arrangement is a particular process a company (through its directors and shareholders) can follow to reduce its share capital. Crucially, it must obtain the consent of a sufficient number of its creditors and the court\u2019s approval. However, it can be an effective way to reduce a company\u2019s share capital, especially where other options may not be available to the company.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you need help reducing your share capital, our experienced <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/corporate-lawyers-lp\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">corporate lawyers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can assist as part of our LegalVision membership. For a low monthly fee, you will have unlimited access to lawyers to answer your questions and draft and review your documents. Visit our<\/span>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/membership\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">membership page<\/span><\/a> or call us today on <a href=\"tel:+448081968584\" class=\"AVANSERnumber dynamic-number\">0808 196 8584<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Frequently Asked Questions\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1660712117978\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>What is a scheme of arrangement?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">A scheme of arrangement is a particular process a company (through its directors and shareholders) can follow to reduce its share capital and change the terms of its existing debt. It must obtain the consent of its creditors (or a sufficient number of them).<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1660712138810\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>Why would a company seek to reduce its share capital?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Companies reduce their share capital for various reasons, like creating distributable reserves so that the directors can authorise paying more in dividends or redistributing capital back to its shareholders. Reducing share capital is also helpful to rebalance the company\u2019s balance sheet so that the equity figure more accurately represents the assets owned.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n<div class=\"not-prose m-feedback-prompt\">\n    <!-- Thumbs up\/down bar -->\n    <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__main\">\n        <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__title\">Was this article helpful?<\/div>\n        <div>\n            <!--span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button--text\">Thanks!<\/span-->\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button m-feedback-prompt__button--yes\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:yes\" aria-label=\"Agree\">\n                <i class=\"fa-regular fa-thumbs-up fa-3x\"><\/i>\n            <\/button>\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button m-feedback-prompt__button--no\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:no\" aria-label=\"Disagree\">\n                <i class=\"fa-regular fa-thumbs-down fa-3x\"><\/i>\n            <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- Feedback form -->\n    <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form\">\n        <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--thanks \">\n            <div>Thanks!<\/div>\n            <p>\n                We appreciate your feedback \u2013 your submission has been successfully received.            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form id=\"contact-form\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--form\" action=\"\" method=\"post\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"authenticity_token\" name=\"authenticity_token\" value=\"9eb4f72322\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wp_http_referer\" value=\"\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/174660\" \/>            <input value=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/corporations\/scheme-of-arrangement-reduce-share-capital\/\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"currenturl\"\n                   id=\"currenturl\">\n            <input value=\"Can I Use a Scheme of Arrangement to Reduce Share Capital in England?\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"currenttitle\"\n                   id=\"currenttitle\">\n            <label>\n                <!-- display on thumbs-up -->\n                <span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__feedback m-feedback-prompt__feedback--yes\">\n                    Can you tell us <span class=\"font-semibold\">why<\/span> you found it helpful?\n                <\/span>\n\n                <!-- display on thumbs-down -->\n                <span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__feedback m-feedback-prompt__feedback--no text-lg\">\n                    How can we better improve this article?\n                <\/span>\n                <textarea name=\"feedbackmessage\" id=\"feedbackmessage\" required><\/textarea>\n            <\/label>\n\n            <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--error\" id=\"form-submit-error\"><\/div>\n            <button id=\"submit-contact-form-button\" type=\"submit\" name=\"commit\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--submit\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:submit\">\n                Submit            <\/button>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Reducing your company\u2019s share capital is not easy, as there are only a few legal ways to do so. Likewise, the law places significant administrative burdens on company directors. One particular route is through a scheme of arrangement. This article will explain a scheme of arrangement and how you can use it to reduce your<a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/corporations\/scheme-of-arrangement-reduce-share-capital\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"sr-only\">&#8220;Can I Use a Scheme of Arrangement to Reduce Share Capital in England?&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13461,"featured_media":3247,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"2411,171929,172521,2020,172841,172612","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[21,223,950,951,952],"class_list":["post-174660","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-corporations","tag-medium-business","tag-large-business","tag-share-buyback","tag-share-capital","tag-scheme-of-arrangement"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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