{"id":1471,"date":"2022-01-10T03:33:08","date_gmt":"2022-01-10T03:33:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uk.legalvision.com.au\/?p=1471"},"modified":"2025-07-08T01:17:32","modified_gmt":"2025-07-08T00:17:32","slug":"what-is-legal-privilege","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/what-is-legal-privilege\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Legal Privilege in the UK?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>If you are dealing with a dispute, you may come across the term \u2018legal privilege\u2019 in relation to evidence. Knowing what legal privilege means is important for understanding your position in a <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/my-business-is-in-a-dispute\/\">dispute<\/a>. This article will give an overview of what legal privilege is and how to ensure that you do not lose your privilege.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is Privilege?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Put simply, \u2018privilege\u2019 gives a party the right to withhold evidence from <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/disclosure-rules-obligations-uk\/\">disclosure<\/a> to the court and the other party to your dispute. The law of privilege refers to the law that governs when and how you can request privilege on evidence that may otherwise be subject to disclosure and subsequently used in court. The law of privilege applies to all types of evidence.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div  class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n    <p>Before considering privilege, it is important to understand the concept of disclosure. In legal proceedings, disclosure is the process by which parties to a dispute must reveal to each other all <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/relevant-documents-for-disclosure\/\">relevant documents<\/a> in their possession, custody or control, whether helpful or harmful to their case. This ensures a fair trial by allowing all parties access to relevant information.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>However, privilege provides an exception to this rule of disclosure. In the UK, there are two types of privilege. They are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/commercial-contracts\/solicitor-client-privilege\/\">legal advice privilege<\/a>; and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>litigation privilege.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Legal advice privilege applies regardless of whether court proceedings (i.e., litigation) have started. Further, it applies between you and your lawyer. Litigation privilege only applies when litigation has commenced. The two types of privilege have different rules.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Once you establish privilege, you will have the absolute right to withhold the privileged evidence from being used in court. Further, a court cannot make any inferences based on your establishment of privilege concerning some evidence. Finally, you can establish privilege in relation to evidence that may be relevant to the dispute.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is crucial to note that while privilege exempts you from disclosing certain documents, it does not remove your obligation to list these documents in your disclosure statement. You must still identify the existence of privileged documents, even though you\u2019re not required to produce their contents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Legal Advice Privilege<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The point of legal advice privilege is to give you full confidence in communicating with your lawyer. It applies to confidential communication between you and your lawyer, where the purpose of the communication is to give you legal advice. If a document is not confidential, for example, if it has been shared with third parties, then legal advice privilege cannot apply.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div  class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n    <p>This type of privilege always applies unless you choose to waive your right to legal advice privilege. Legal advice privilege can also apply to evidence that hints at what you may have been communicating with your lawyer.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>However, legal advice privilege will not apply where the communication is for the purpose of furthering criminal or fraudulent activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<a href=\"#content-next\"\n   class=\"block p-4 mt-10 text-xl font-bold text-center text-white no-underline bg-gray-800 rounded-t-xl\">\n    Continue reading this article below the form\n    <i class=\"text-xl fa-regular fa-arrow-down\"><\/i>\n<\/a>\n<div class=\"px-6 pt-10 pb-12 mb-10 text-center bg-gray-100 rounded-b-xl sm:px-12 test\">\n    <div class=\"mb-8 text-2xl font-bold text-orange\">\n        Need legal advice?\n        <br>\n        <span class=\"text-lg not-prose\">\n                            Call <a href=\"tel:+448081968584\" class=\"not-prose\">0808 196 8584<\/a> for urgent assistance.\n                <br>\n                Otherwise, complete this form, and we will contact you 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It means that you do not have to disclose the evidence that you find about the other party (pursuant to your litigation) to the other party. The purpose of litigation privilege is to let you be free to look for evidence to support your claim.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For evidence to fall under litigation privilege, it must satisfy certain conditions. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>the communication must mainly be for the purpose of litigation;\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the material must be related to litigation that is happening or will happen soon; and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>in most cases, the material must also be confidential.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>When considering whether litigation privilege applies, it is important to understand the \u2018dominant purpose\u2019 test. This test has been interpreted broadly in recent years. Now, documents are protected by litigation privilege if their dominant purpose is to avoid, settle or defend litigation. This means that materials created during internal investigations or settlement negotiations may be covered, as long as litigation was reasonably in contemplation at the time. However, the exact application can be complex, so careful consideration is necessary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div  class=\"box box--icon box--star\">\n    <p>If you are looking to claim litigation privilege, you must prove that you have the right to it. As such, you should seek legal advice before using litigation privilege, to ensure that you do not open yourself up for any potential liability.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Notably, litigation privilege does not require a lawyer to be present within the communication. Therefore, it can apply to documents and relevant communications shared with non-legal advisers, such as accountants.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n    <div class=\"my-7 lg:my-10 border-y-2 border-gray-100 py-7 lg:py-10 flex flex-col sm:flex-row items-start gap-10\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"w-52 mx-auto my-0! rounded\" src=\"https:\/\/img.legalvision.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/09\/06011109\/manage-business-dispute.jpg\" alt=\"Front page of publication\"\n                 loading=\"lazy\" width=\"208\" height=\"298\">\n                <section>\n            <div class=\"text-2xl font-bold\">How to Manage a Business Dispute<\/div>\n            <div class=\"body-text\">\n                <p>This fact sheet outlines how your business can manage a dispute.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n            \n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/img.legalvision.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/09\/06010043\/LegalVision-Dispute-Resolution-Factsheet.pdf\" class=\" block px-5 py-3.5 max-w-fit bg-orange button__hover transition rounded text-white font-bold text-lg no-underline uppercase leading-tight text-center\" target=\"\" rel=\"\">Download Now<\/a>        <\/section>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to Make Sure You Do Not Lose Your Privilege<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>It is possible to waive or lose your right to privilege. This usually happens because of a loss of confidentiality. For example, suppose the relevant documents are circulated to a board of directors. In that case, it will cease to be confidential and thus lose protection by the law of privilege.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, you can avoid this by marking particular documents with \u2018confidential and privileged\u2019 and \u2018not for onward circulation.\u2019 Doing so will prevent those documents from losing their privileged status, even when shared with third parties. Similarly, making third parties sign confidentiality agreements is another way to ensure that your communications do not lose their privilege.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the whole, it is important that you are careful with sensitive information. Therefore, you should avoid informally communicating any information you want to be privileged in, such as an email. Additionally, you should sign all privileged information with \u2018confidential and privileged\u2019 notices.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Legal privilege is an effective way of keeping your cards close to your chest during litigation. It means that certain communications cannot be relied on in court proceedings. This can be highly valuable for winning your dispute. You must know the rules around legal privilege to ensure that you do not unintentionally lose or waive your right. Primarily, you should make sure that you handle sensitive information carefully. One way of doing this is marking information that you want to be privileged as &#8216;confidential and privileged&#8217;. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you need advice regarding legal privilege, <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-lawyers-lp\/\">LegalVision\u2019s disputes lawyers<\/a> can assist as part of our LegalVision membership. For a low monthly fee, you will have unlimited access to lawyers to answer your questions and draft and review your documents. Call us today on <a href=\"tel:+448081968584\" class=\"AVANSERnumber dynamic-number\">0808 196 8584<\/a> or visit our <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/membership\">membership page<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1641785071721\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Can privileged information ever lose its protected status?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Yes, privileged information can lose its protected status if confidentiality is compromised, such as by accidental disclosure to a third party without a common interest. If you suspect privileged information has been inadvertently disclosed, seek legal advice immediately, as prompt action may help preserve the privilege.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1641785088537\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Do I have to disclose to the other side that I have privileged documents?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Yes, you need to acknowledge the existence of privileged documents in your disclosure statement, even though you\u2019re not required to reveal their contents. You should list these documents in your disclosure statement, but mark them as privileged.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n<div class=\"not-prose m-feedback-prompt\">\n    <!-- Thumbs up\/down bar -->\n    <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__main\">\n        <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__title\">Was this article helpful?<\/div>\n        <div>\n            <!--span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button--text\">Thanks!<\/span-->\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button m-feedback-prompt__button--yes\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:yes\" aria-label=\"Agree\">\n                <i class=\"fa-regular fa-thumbs-up fa-3x\"><\/i>\n            <\/button>\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button m-feedback-prompt__button--no\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:no\" aria-label=\"Disagree\">\n                <i class=\"fa-regular fa-thumbs-down fa-3x\"><\/i>\n            <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- Feedback form -->\n    <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form\">\n        <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--thanks \">\n            <div>Thanks!<\/div>\n            <p>\n                We appreciate your feedback \u2013 your submission has been successfully received.            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form id=\"contact-form\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--form\" action=\"\" method=\"post\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"authenticity_token\" name=\"authenticity_token\" value=\"1924c0ad83\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wp_http_referer\" value=\"\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1471\" \/>            <input value=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/what-is-legal-privilege\/\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"currenturl\"\n                   id=\"currenturl\">\n            <input value=\"What is Legal Privilege in the UK?\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"currenttitle\"\n                   id=\"currenttitle\">\n            <label>\n                <!-- display on thumbs-up -->\n                <span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__feedback m-feedback-prompt__feedback--yes\">\n                    Can you tell us <span class=\"font-semibold\">why<\/span> you found it helpful?\n                <\/span>\n\n                <!-- display on thumbs-down -->\n                <span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__feedback m-feedback-prompt__feedback--no text-lg\">\n                    How can we better improve this article?\n                <\/span>\n                <textarea name=\"feedbackmessage\" id=\"feedbackmessage\" required><\/textarea>\n            <\/label>\n\n            <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--error\" id=\"form-submit-error\"><\/div>\n            <button id=\"submit-contact-form-button\" type=\"submit\" name=\"commit\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--submit\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:submit\">\n                Submit            <\/button>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If you are dealing with a dispute, you may come across the term \u2018legal privilege\u2019 in relation to evidence. Knowing what legal privilege means is important for understanding your position in a dispute. This article will give an overview of what legal privilege is and how to ensure that you do not lose your privilege.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/what-is-legal-privilege\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"sr-only\">&#8220;What is Legal Privilege in the UK?&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13541,"featured_media":582,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"896,1468,1408,2195,3678,2296","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[20,21,43,297,305,306],"class_list":["post-1471","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-disputes-litigation","tag-small-business","tag-medium-business","tag-court-proceedings","tag-confidentiality","tag-privilege","tag-legal-privilege"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What is Legal Privilege in the UK? 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| LegalVision UK","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/what-is-legal-privilege\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/what-is-legal-privilege\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/img.legalvision.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/11\/30230303\/brand-design-00076.jpg","datePublished":"2022-01-10T03:33:08+00:00","dateModified":"2025-07-08T00:17:32+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/#\/schema\/person\/a4b0368e26d48ba6de2338989a11fc99"},"description":"This article gives an overview of what legal privilege is and how to ensure that you do not lose your privilege.\u00a0","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/what-is-legal-privilege\/#breadcrumb"},"mainEntity":[{"@id":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/what-is-legal-privilege\/#faq-question-1641785071721"},{"@id":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/what-is-legal-privilege\/#faq-question-1641785088537"}],"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/what-is-legal-privilege\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/what-is-legal-privilege\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/img.legalvision.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/11\/30230303\/brand-design-00076.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/img.legalvision.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/11\/30230303\/brand-design-00076.jpg","width":1600,"height":1068,"caption":"Legal Considerations for Retail Business Franchises | LegalVision UK"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/what-is-legal-privilege\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Disputes and Litigation Articles","item":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/category\/disputes-litigation\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"What is Legal Privilege in the UK?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/#website","url":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/","name":"LegalVision UK","description":"LegalVision is a commercial law firm in the UK with a commitment to innovation","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/#\/schema\/person\/a4b0368e26d48ba6de2338989a11fc99","name":"Kamila Oliwa","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/11\/Kamila-Oliwa-96x96.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/11\/Kamila-Oliwa-96x96.jpg","caption":"Kamila Oliwa"},"description":"Kam is a Corporate Paralegal with over a year of practical experience in the legal field, coupled with a strong academic background.","url":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/author\/kamilaoliwa\/"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/what-is-legal-privilege\/#faq-question-1641785071721","name":"Can privileged information ever lose its protected status?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Yes, privileged information can lose its protected status if confidentiality is compromised, such as by accidental disclosure to a third party without a common interest. If you suspect privileged information has been inadvertently disclosed, seek legal advice immediately, as prompt action may help preserve the privilege.","inLanguage":"en-GB"},"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/disputes-litigation\/what-is-legal-privilege\/#faq-question-1641785088537","name":"Do I have to disclose to the other side that I have privileged documents?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Yes, you need to acknowledge the existence of privileged documents in your disclosure statement, even though you\u2019re not required to reveal their contents. You should list these documents in your disclosure statement, but mark them as privileged.","inLanguage":"en-GB"},"inLanguage":"en-GB"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1471","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/users\/13541"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1471"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1471\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":193607,"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1471\/revisions\/193607"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/media\/582"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1471"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1471"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/api\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1471"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}