{"id":1405,"date":"2022-01-10T00:24:10","date_gmt":"2022-01-10T00:24:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uk.legalvision.com.au\/?p=1405"},"modified":"2026-03-27T03:02:58","modified_gmt":"2026-03-27T03:02:58","slug":"ordinary-gross-misconduct","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/ordinary-gross-misconduct\/","title":{"rendered":"What is the Difference Between Ordinary, Serious and Gross Misconduct in the UK?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>As an employer, there will be times when your employees do not follow workplace rules. These actions may vary in severity and can amount to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.acas.org.uk\/dismissals\/types-of-dismissal\">ordinary, serious, or gross misconduct<\/a>. While all instances involve inappropriate employee behaviour, there are significant differences between each level. You must understand these differences so that the actions you take are appropriate and do not result in accusations of unfair dismissal or discrimination. This article will explain the differences between different types of misconduct and relevant ways to respond to them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What is Ordinary Misconduct?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">As an employer, you are likely to have <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/employment-policies\/\">company rules in place<\/a>, such as those in your employee\u2019s employment contract. There may also be implied rules within the workplace. Y<\/span>our contracts would not<span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> s<\/span>pell these<span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> out<\/span>, but your employee should<span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> reasonably expect<\/span> them<span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to exist.<\/span> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Employee ordinary misconduct is when an employee does not behave appropriately and, therefore, breaks the workplace rules, such as being late or taking unauthorised absences from work. Ordinary misconduct mainly concerns breaking minor rules.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What is Serious Misconduct?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Employee misconduct can constitute more serious behaviour than ordinary misconduct. As an employer, you may have an internal procedure in place to help distinguish between different types of conduct.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Serious misconduct is where an employee&#8217;s behaviour has caused severe harm to the business or organisation. This could be:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">an error made by an employee when calculating their expense and causing financial loss to your business; or<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">damage to your business\u2019 image or reputation through <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/employees-social-media-usage\/\">social media<\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n<a href=\"#content-next\"\n   class=\"block p-4 mt-10 text-xl font-bold text-center text-white no-underline bg-gray-800 rounded-t-xl\">\n    Continue reading this article below the form\n    <i class=\"text-xl fa-regular fa-arrow-down\"><\/i>\n<\/a>\n<div class=\"px-6 pt-10 pb-12 mb-10 text-center bg-gray-100 rounded-b-xl sm:px-12 test\">\n    <div class=\"mb-8 text-2xl font-bold text-orange\">\n        Need legal advice?\n        <br>\n        <span class=\"text-lg not-prose\">\n                            Call <a 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       } else {            triggerPostRender();        }    } );} );\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"content-next\"><!-- scroll anchor --><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What is Gross Misconduct?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Employee <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/gross-misconduct\/\">gross misconduct<\/a> is where your employee has carried out a grave act, or the effect of what your employee has done is very serious, such as:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">being physically violent;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">stealing; or<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">committing gross negligence.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The serious act could have been c<\/span>ommitted<span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> away from the workplace but, in doing so, reflected poorly on your business.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n    <div class=\"my-7 lg:my-10 border-y-2 border-gray-100 py-7 lg:py-10 flex flex-col sm:flex-row items-start gap-10\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"w-52 mx-auto my-0! rounded\" src=\"https:\/\/img.legalvision.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/01\/21011453\/Screenshot-2025-01-21-at-12.14.38-pm.png\" alt=\"Front page of publication\"\n                 loading=\"lazy\" width=\"208\" height=\"298\">\n                <section>\n            <div class=\"text-2xl font-bold\">2025 Key UK Employment Law Changes<\/div>\n            <div class=\"body-text\">\n                <p>This factsheet outlines key developments in 2025 affecting workforce management. In particular, the proposed Employment Rights Bill (2024) will drive significant changes, anticipated to start late 2025.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n            \n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/img.legalvision.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/01\/22052013\/LegalVision_2025-Key-UK-Employment-Law-Changes-Factsheet.pdf\" class=\" block px-5 py-3.5 max-w-fit bg-orange button__hover transition rounded text-white font-bold text-lg no-underline uppercase leading-tight text-center\" target=\"\" rel=\"\">Download Now<\/a>        <\/section>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What are the Key Differences?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When <\/span>you are<span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> faced with employee misconduct, you may consider the possibility of dismissal. There are five fair reasons for dismissal, including employee misconduct.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Apart from the critical differences between ordinary employee misconduct, serious misconduct, and gross misconduct, one of the critical differences is how you can deal with each before <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/dismissing-an-employee\/\">considering dismissal<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div  class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n    <p><strong>Key Statistics<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>26%:<\/strong> Of all UK employment tribunal claims involve unfair dismissal, with improper handling of misconduct procedures cited as a leading cause of successful employee claims against employers.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00a311,000:<\/strong> The average compensation award made by UK employment tribunals in unfair dismissal cases, highlighting the financial consequences of failing to follow proper misconduct procedures.<\/li>\n<li><strong>3 in 5:<\/strong> UK employers report experiencing at least one formal misconduct incident annually, with dishonesty and insubordination amongst the most commonly cited grounds for disciplinary action.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Sources<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>HM Courts and Tribunals Service, Employment Tribunal Statistics Quarterly, 2024<\/li>\n<li>Acas, Discipline and Grievance at Work: Annual Findings Report, 2023<\/li>\n<li>Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD), Workplace Conflict and Misconduct Survey, 2024<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Should I Respond to Different Types of Misconduct?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The table below outlines key steps you should take depending on the type of misconduct your employee has engaged in. In general, it is a good idea to have a strong company policy that outlines misconduct measures, as well as dismissal procedures where applicable. You should ensure that all employees are aware of such policy to avoid miscommunication and future disputes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><tbody><tr><td><h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ordinary Misconduct<\/span><\/h4> <\/td><td>When you are faced with employee misconduct, and it is a one-off incident, you may choose to conduct an informal discussion with the employee. <br><br>Where it is not a one-off incident, you should allow the employee to explain themselves in a pre-arranged meeting. Additionally, you should give your employee a written warning if their reasoning is unjustified, detailing how you expect them to change their behaviour and offer a warning.<br><br>If the employee does not improve, you should hold another meeting and agree on a time frame for your employee to improve. You should notify them that failure to improve could result in their dismissal.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td> <h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Serious Misconduct<\/span><\/h4> <\/td><td> <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When you have to deal with serious misconduct, the procedures before potential employee dismissal are shorter and swifter than for employee ordinary misconduct.<\/span><\/p> <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In such instances, there is no requirement to issue more than one written warning to the employee detailing the risk of dismissal before carrying out an employee dismissal<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;font-weight: inherit\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;font-weight: inherit\">if their conduct does not improve. Ultimately, you should follow the procedure in your staff handbook. <\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gross Misconduct<\/span><\/h4> <\/td><td><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When dealing with employee gross misconduct, you can dismiss the employee immediately. However, it is vital to ensure that you can demonstrate that you have followed a <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/employee-disciplinary-meeting\/\">fair procedure<\/a> in doing so where you have investigated the allegation and allowed your employee the opportunity to give their side of the story. This means that you have proved the employee&#8217;s gross misconduct before taking the appropriate action.<\/span><\/p> <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dismissal can be carried out without notice or pay in lieu of notice. Pay in lieu of notice is where your employee stops work immediately, but you pay them for what would have been their standard period of notice.<\/span><\/p> <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It is essential that when dealing with dismissal, regardless of which type of misconduct, you adhere to the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.acas.org.uk\/acas-code-of-practice-on-disciplinary-and-grievance-procedures\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Acas Code of Practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, as well as your staff handbook, to ensure that you carry it out fairly. <\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Key Takeaways<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If your employee breaks your workplace rules or misbehaves, they could be committing ordinary, serious or gross misconduct. However, the severity of the misconduct will determine what actions you can take to address it. <\/span>Therefore, you must understand each type to ensure you get it right as an employer. Furthermore, the method for dealing with each type of misconduct is different, and may not always give you the right to dismiss immediately. As a result, you should also develop clear, well-understood measures and procedures for dealing with misconduct that employees are aware of.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you need help with rules regarding employee misconduct, LegalVision provides ongoing legal support for businesses through our fixed-fee legal membership. Our experienced <span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment-lawyers-lp\/\">employment lawyers<\/a><\/span> help businesses manage contracts, employment law, disputes, intellectual property, and more, with unlimited access to specialist lawyers for a fixed monthly fee. To learn more about LegalVision\u2019s legal membership, call <a href=\"tel:+448081968584\" class=\"AVANSERnumber dynamic-number\">0808 196 8584<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/membership\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">visit our membership page<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1641773030802\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">If my employee has carried out ordinary misconduct, do I need to respond with a formal procedure?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Suppose your employee has committed ordinary misconduct, and the incident appears to be a one-off. You can use your discretion as to whether or not the formal procedure of meetings and letters is required or whether the incident can be responded to with an informal discussion. However, should the behaviour be repetitive behaviour, an employer should respond with the formal disciplinary procedure before potential dismissal.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1641773044352\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Can I immediately dismiss my employee who is accused of gross misconduct?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">If your employee is accused of gross misconduct, you can immediately dismiss them, provided you have proven the allegation. This means that you should have investigated the accusation and allowed them to provide their side of the story.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1774580429638\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Can an act of misconduct outside the workplace justify dismissal?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Yes. If an employee commits an act of gross misconduct outside the workplace that reflects poorly on your business, you can still dismiss them. The key factor is whether their conduct has a negative impact on your business or its reputation.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1774580439403\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Do I need a written misconduct policy in my workplace?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">While not strictly required, having a clear written misconduct policy is strongly advisable. It outlines expected behaviour, disciplinary procedures, and dismissal grounds, helping you avoid disputes, unfair dismissal claims, and ensuring all employees understand the consequences of misconduct.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n<div class=\"not-prose m-feedback-prompt\">\n    <!-- Thumbs up\/down bar -->\n    <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__main\">\n        <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__title\">Was this article helpful?<\/div>\n        <div>\n            <!--span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button--text\">Thanks!<\/span-->\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button m-feedback-prompt__button--yes\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:yes\" aria-label=\"Agree\">\n                <i class=\"fa-regular fa-thumbs-up fa-3x\"><\/i>\n            <\/button>\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button m-feedback-prompt__button--no\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:no\" aria-label=\"Disagree\">\n                <i class=\"fa-regular fa-thumbs-down fa-3x\"><\/i>\n            <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- Feedback form -->\n    <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form\">\n        <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--thanks \">\n            <div>Thanks!<\/div>\n            <p>\n                We appreciate your feedback \u2013 your submission has been successfully received.            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form id=\"contact-form\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--form\" action=\"\" method=\"post\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"authenticity_token\" name=\"authenticity_token\" value=\"9eb4f72322\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wp_http_referer\" value=\"\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1405\" \/>            <input value=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/ordinary-gross-misconduct\/\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"currenturl\"\n                   id=\"currenturl\">\n            <input value=\"What is the Difference Between Ordinary, Serious and Gross Misconduct in the UK?\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"currenttitle\"\n                   id=\"currenttitle\">\n            <label>\n                <!-- display on thumbs-up -->\n                <span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__feedback m-feedback-prompt__feedback--yes\">\n                    Can you tell us <span class=\"font-semibold\">why<\/span> you found it helpful?\n                <\/span>\n\n                <!-- display on thumbs-down -->\n                <span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__feedback m-feedback-prompt__feedback--no text-lg\">\n                    How can we better improve this article?\n                <\/span>\n                <textarea name=\"feedbackmessage\" id=\"feedbackmessage\" required><\/textarea>\n            <\/label>\n\n            <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--error\" id=\"form-submit-error\"><\/div>\n            <button id=\"submit-contact-form-button\" type=\"submit\" name=\"commit\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--submit\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:submit\">\n                Submit            <\/button>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As an employer, there will be times when your employees do not follow workplace rules. These actions may vary in severity and can amount to ordinary, serious, or gross misconduct. While all instances involve inappropriate employee behaviour, there are significant differences between each level. You must understand these differences so that the actions you take<a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/employment\/ordinary-gross-misconduct\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"sr-only\">&#8220;What is the Difference Between Ordinary, Serious and Gross Misconduct in the UK?&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13510,"featured_media":606,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"2268,2498,862,985,1621,1199","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[20,21,218,284,285],"class_list":["post-1405","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-employment","tag-small-business","tag-medium-business","tag-employment-policies","tag-misconduct","tag-dismissal"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized 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