{"id":1386,"date":"2022-01-09T23:31:36","date_gmt":"2022-01-09T23:31:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uk.legalvision.com.au\/?p=1386"},"modified":"2025-02-05T22:32:23","modified_gmt":"2025-02-05T22:32:23","slug":"trade-secret","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/intellectual-property\/trade-secret\/","title":{"rendered":"What is a Trade Secret in the UK?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>You may have heard of the term trade secret but are unsure what it means. Until 2018, the UK had no legal definition of a trade secret. Therefore, \u2018confidential information\u2019 describes the information we now call a trade secret. However, trade secrets are important to your business, as you likely have information you do not want competitors to know. This article will explain a trade secret and how to protect your business\u2019 trade secrets and other commercially sensitive information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is a Trade Secret?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In UK law, a piece of legislation called The Trade Secrets (Enforcement, etc.) Regulations 2018 regulates trade secrets.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A trade secret is information held by a business which:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>is secret;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>is likely to have commercial value (i.e. your competitors would be willing to pay for that information); and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>has been kept secret because reasonable steps have been taken to ensure the information remains secret.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Most businesses are likely to have <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/intellectual-property\/protect-your-trade-secrets\/\">trade secrets<\/a>. For example, information about how you run your business, who your customers are, and specific secret formulae or procedures used to create your products or services are all your business\u2019 trade secrets.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Examples<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In the UK, the definition of a trade secret is very broad. Most businesses will have trade secrets, such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Technical Information: <\/strong>Manufacturing processes, chemical formulas, algorithms, software source code;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Business Information:<\/strong> Customer lists, pricing strategies, marketing plans, financial projections;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Strategic Information: <\/strong>Expansion plans, research and development projects, acquisition targets; and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Operational Information:<\/strong> Quality control methods, supply chain details, cost structures.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Some well-known examples of trade secrets include the exact recipe for Lea &amp; Perrins Worcestershire Sauce, the recipe for the Scottish drink Irn Bru, and the formula for WD-40.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Does it Mean to \u201cTake Reasonable Steps\u201d?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>There are court cases that give us guidance on this term. In these cases, non-disclosure agreements with employees were considered evidence of a \u2018reasonable step\u2019 in ensuring confidentiality.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is because it ensured that one could only access confidential information:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>through the company\u2019s IT system;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>on company premises; or<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>by people authorised to access that IT system.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, you should implement non-disclosure agreements to protect trade secrets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<a href=\"#content-next\"\n   class=\"block p-4 mt-10 text-xl font-bold text-center text-white no-underline bg-gray-800 rounded-t-xl\">\n    Continue reading this article below the form\n    <i class=\"text-xl fa-regular fa-arrow-down\"><\/i>\n<\/a>\n<div class=\"px-6 pt-10 pb-12 mb-10 text-center bg-gray-100 rounded-b-xl sm:px-12 test\">\n    <div class=\"mb-8 text-2xl font-bold text-orange\">\n        Need legal advice?\n        <br>\n    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In this case, it could still constitute confidential business information. UK law protects confidential information as well.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div  class=\"box box--icon box--info\">\n    <p>Confidential information should not be shared. For example, business information is marked \u2018confidential\u2019, and business strategies are shared with small groups within the business that you give or tell someone in confidence. Generally, the information you provide to an employee not known to someone outside your business is likely confidential.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Protecting Trade Secrets and Confidential Information<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The easiest way to keep your trade secrets and <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/commercial-contracts\/commercially-confidential-information\/\">confidential information<\/a> secret is to include confidentiality clauses in your employment contracts. For example, you should include a clause that prevents employees from sharing certain information with those outside the business.<\/p>\n\n\n    <div class=\"my-7 lg:my-10 border-y-2 border-gray-100 py-7 lg:py-10 flex flex-col sm:flex-row items-start gap-10\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"w-52 mx-auto my-0! rounded\" src=\"https:\/\/img.legalvision.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2023\/09\/27074704\/guide-to-resolve-uk-image-1.jpg\" alt=\"Front page of publication\"\n                 loading=\"lazy\" width=\"208\" height=\"298\">\n                <section>\n            <div class=\"text-2xl font-bold\">Guide to Resolving UK Business Disputes<\/div>\n            <div class=\"body-text\">\n                <p>This guide outlines how to resolve commercial disputes.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n            \n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/go.legalvision.com.au\/guide-resolving-uk-business-disputes.html\" class=\" block px-5 py-3.5 max-w-fit bg-orange button__hover transition rounded text-white font-bold text-lg no-underline uppercase leading-tight text-center\" target=\"\" rel=\"\">Download Now<\/a>        <\/section>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<p>Suppose you work with contractors or other agencies that need to know confidential information about your company or business processes. In that case, you can require that any such contractors sign a <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/commercial-contracts\/non-disclosure-agreements\/\">non-disclosure agreement (NDA)<\/a>. You can also require employees to sign an NDA as well. These documents mean that you will have the right to take legal action if your employee or contractor shares your confidential information with anyone else. You can also bring an action if an employee uses the data to set up a business that directly competes with yours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IT System and Safeguards<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>You should also determine what confidential information and trade secrets you have in your business. Then, create a record of who has access to this information. You should also ensure that your company\u2019s IT systems have appropriate security. Then, if any third party unlawfully tries to access your IT systems, the information they can access is limited.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another step you could take is to ensure that confidential information is compartmentalised where possible and disclosed only on a need-to-know basis. In addition, you should ensure appropriate digital and physical safeguards are in place, such as keeping sensitive documents in a safe or implementing multi-factor authentication to access systems containing confidential information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What if Somebody Shares My Information?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you bring a legal action for trade secret theft or unauthorised use of confidential business information, there are various remedies that the Court may provide if you are successful. These include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ordering the infringer to stop using or disclosing the trade secret\/confidential information;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>destruction or delivery of any products using the trade secret\/confidential information;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>an order prohibiting any future sale of such goods; and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>damages or compensation.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>If awarded, compensation will generally constitute the amount a licence for the trade secret would have cost. Damages are calculated based on the foreseeable economic consequences to your business resulting from the infringer\u2019s actions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key Takeaways&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Your business\u2019 trade secrets give you a competitive advantage. To protect your trade secrets and confidential business information, you must keep such information confidential and share it only with individuals who need to know. You should ensure that all your employees know the need for confidentiality. Additionally, you can use legal documents such as employment agreements and non-disclosure agreements. This will oblige your employees and contractors to keep such information confidential.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you need help protecting your business\u2019 trade secrets and confidential information, our experienced <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/intellectual-property-lawyers-lp\/\">intellectual property lawyers<\/a> can assist as part of our LegalVision membership. For a low monthly fee, you will have unlimited access to lawyers to answer your questions and draft and review your documents. Call us today on <a href=\"tel:+448081968584\" class=\"AVANSERnumber dynamic-number\">0808 196 8584<\/a> or visit our <a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/membership\/\">membership page<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1738760412003\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>What is the difference between a trade secret and confidential information?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">A trade secret is confidential and commercially sensitive information about your business with commercial value. Confidential information includes trade secrets. However, confidential information includes any secret or personal information you tell someone else and expect them to keep secret.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1738760420977\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>What legal documents can I use to ensure that individuals keep my confidential information secret?\u00a0<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">You can ask employees to sign an employment agreement to create a contractual obligation to keep your confidential information and trade secrets confidential. This should include clauses regarding confidentiality. You can also use non-disclosure agreements for employees, contractors, and other agencies you work with.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"not-prose m-feedback-prompt\">\n    <!-- Thumbs up\/down bar -->\n    <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__main\">\n        <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__title\">Was this article helpful?<\/div>\n        <div>\n            <!--span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button--text\">Thanks!<\/span-->\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button m-feedback-prompt__button--yes\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:yes\" aria-label=\"Agree\">\n                <i class=\"fa-regular fa-thumbs-up fa-3x\"><\/i>\n            <\/button>\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__button m-feedback-prompt__button--no\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:no\" aria-label=\"Disagree\">\n                <i class=\"fa-regular fa-thumbs-down fa-3x\"><\/i>\n            <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- Feedback form -->\n    <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form\">\n        <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--thanks \">\n            <div>Thanks!<\/div>\n            <p>\n                We appreciate your feedback \u2013 your submission has been successfully received.            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form id=\"contact-form\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--form\" action=\"\" method=\"post\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"authenticity_token\" name=\"authenticity_token\" value=\"9eb4f72322\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wp_http_referer\" value=\"\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1386\" \/>            <input value=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/intellectual-property\/trade-secret\/\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"currenturl\"\n                   id=\"currenturl\">\n            <input value=\"What is a Trade Secret in the UK?\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"currenttitle\"\n                   id=\"currenttitle\">\n            <label>\n                <!-- display on thumbs-up -->\n                <span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__feedback m-feedback-prompt__feedback--yes\">\n                    Can you tell us <span class=\"font-semibold\">why<\/span> you found it helpful?\n                <\/span>\n\n                <!-- display on thumbs-down -->\n                <span class=\"m-feedback-prompt__feedback m-feedback-prompt__feedback--no text-lg\">\n                    How can we better improve this article?\n                <\/span>\n                <textarea name=\"feedbackmessage\" id=\"feedbackmessage\" required><\/textarea>\n            <\/label>\n\n            <div class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--error\" id=\"form-submit-error\"><\/div>\n            <button id=\"submit-contact-form-button\" type=\"submit\" name=\"commit\" class=\"m-feedback-prompt__form--submit\"\n                    data-analytics-link=\"feedback-prompt:submit\">\n                Submit            <\/button>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>You may have heard of the term trade secret but are unsure what it means. Until 2018, the UK had no legal definition of a trade secret. Therefore, \u2018confidential information\u2019 describes the information we now call a trade secret. However, trade secrets are important to your business, as you likely have information you do not<a href=\"https:\/\/legalvision.co.uk\/intellectual-property\/trade-secret\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"sr-only\">&#8220;What is a Trade Secret in the UK?&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13512,"featured_media":641,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"2178,2388,2299,1704,1912,2350","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[20,21,186,276,277],"class_list":["post-1386","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-intellectual-property","tag-small-business","tag-medium-business","tag-intellectual-property","tag-trade-secret","tag-confidential-information"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What is a Trade Secret in the UK? 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